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RHODE ISLAND AND PROVIDENCE PLANTATIONS

UNIVERSITY OF RHODE ISLAND, URI


5 April 2011

"Rhode Island and Providence Plantations" is the correct names of the state.

See also Rhode Island Board of Governors for Higher Education, RIBGHE.

  1. $: URI Contributors to Federal, Political Recipients 

    19 December 2010

Source: fundrace.org, at HuffingtonPost.com

For more information about donors named below (for example, zip codes and birth years), try zabasearch.com.
    1. Arthur Stein; professor; university of rhode island; Q1-2007; 680 CURTIS CORNER RD.; Wakefield, RI; $250 barack obama
    2. Augustus Uht; professor; university of rhode island; Q1-2004; 44 Torrey Rd.; Cumberland, RI; $500 dnc
    3. Augustus Uht; professor; university of rhode island; Q1-2004; 44 Torrey Rd.; Cumberland, RI; $500 dnc
    4. Augustus Uht; professor; university of rhode island; Q3-2008; 44 TORREY RD.; Cumberland, RI; $1,000 barack obama
    5. Barbara Devens; professor; university of rhode island; Q2-2008; 121 GREENWICH AVE.; Warwick, RI; $500 barack obama
    6. Barbara Watts; research scientist; university of rhode island; Q1-2004; 2 Locust Dr.; Kingston, RI; $300 john kerry
    7. Brad Seibel; professor; university of rhode island; Q3-2008; 6 SPRUCE ST.; Westerly, RI; $250 barack obama
    8. Bruce Sundlun; governor in residence; university of rhode island; Q3-2009; 280 SEASIDE DR.; Jamestown, RI; $1,000 friends of patrick j. kennedy
    9. Bruce Sundlun; governor in residence; uri; Q2-2007; 75 LOWER COLLEGE RD.; Kingston, RI; $4,600 hillary clinton
    10. Bruce Sundlun; professor; university of rhode island; Q1-2004; 257 Walmsley Ln.; Saunderstown, RI; $2,000 john kerry
    11. Bruce Sundlun; professor; university of rhode island; Q1-2004; 257 Walmsley Ln.; Saunderstown, RI; $500 joe lieberman
    12. Bruce Sundlun; professor; university of rhode island; Q4-2006; 280 SEASIDE DR.; Jamestown, RI; $500 joe biden
    13. Bruce Sundlun; professor; university of rhode island; Q4-2009; 280 SEASIDE DR.; Jamestown, RI; $250 friends of patrick j. kennedy
    14. Bruce Sundlun; professor; uri; Q3-2008; 280 SEASIDE DR.; Jamestown, RI; $255 barack obama
    15. Celest Martin; associate professor writing and; university of rhode island; Q3-2008; 1323 SOUTH RD.; Wakefield, RI; $203 barack obama
    16. DANIEL MURRAY; professor; university of rhode island; Q1-2004; PO BOX AA.; NORTON, MA; $100 john kerry
    17. Daniel Ustick; career advisor-part time; univ of ri; Q3-2008; 353 W REACH DR.; Jamestown, RI; $560 barack obama
    18. David Molloy; professor; univ of ri; Q1-2004; 36 Upper College Rd.; Kingston, RI; $800 john kerry
    19. David Nelson; professor of molecular microbiol; university of rhode island; Q1-2004; 13 Mulberry Dr.; Wakefield, RI; $50 john kerry
    20. Donald Robadue; environmental planner; university of rhode island; Q3-2008; 722 SOUTH RD.; Wakefield, RI; $250 barack obama
    21. Donald Tufts; professor; university of rhode island; Q1-2008; 32 CEDAR POND DRIVE.; Warwick, RI; $600 dennis kucinich
    22. Donna Hughes; professor; university of rhode island; Q3-2008; 6510 PUTMAN RD.; Thurmont, MD; $700 john mccain
    23. Dorothy Donnelly; professor; university of rhode island; Q4-2009; 115 BAYARD ST.; Providence, RI; $200 dennigan for congress
    24. Gail Murray; computer programmer; university of rhode island; Q1-2004; 929 Hopkins Hill Rd.; West Greenwich, RI; $150 howard dean
    25. Geoffrey Gibbs; semi retired proffesor; univ of ri; Q3-2009; 14 HELME RD.; Kingston, RI; $100 dnc services corp./dem. nat'l co
    26. Geoffrey Gibbs; semi retired proffesor; univ of ri; Q4-2009; 14 HELME RD.; Kingston, RI; $50 dnc services corp./dem. nat'l co
    27. Harold Bibb; professor; university of rhode island; Q1-2008; 62 ENTERPRISE TERRACE.; Kingston, RI; $225 barack obama
    28. Harold Bibb; professor/ associate dean; university of rhode island; Q3-2008; 62 ENTERPRISE TER.; Kingston, RI; $455 barack obama
    29. Harold Bibb; retired; university of rhode island; Q3-2010; new; 62 ENTERPRISE TER.; Kingston, RI; $100 dnc services corp./dem. nat'l co
    30. Harold Bibb; retired; university of rhode island; Q3-2010; new; 62 ENTERPRISE TER.; Kingston, RI; $25 dnc services corp./dem. nat'l co
    31. Harold Bibb; retired; university of rhode island; Q3-2010; new; 62 ENTERPRISE TER.; Kingston, RI; $50 dnc services corp./dem. nat'l co
    32. James Prochaska; professor/president & ceo; university of rhode island; Q1-2008; 1509 COMD OLIVER HAZARD PERRY HWY.; Wakefield, RI; $250 barack obama
    33. Jill Long; student, college instructor; university of rhode island; Q1-2004; 54 Buena Vista Dr.; North Kingstown, RI; $150 wesley clark
    34. Joel Dain; professor; univ of ri; Q1-2004; PO Box 167.; Kingston, RI; $350 dnc
    35. John King; professor; u of rhode island; Q1-2004; 354 Fairgrounds Rd.; West Kingston, RI; $100 john kerry
    36. John King; professor; uri; Q1-2004; 354 Fairgrounds Rd.; West Kingston, RI; $400 dnc
    37. John Laurenc Kelland; retired; univ of rhode island; Q4-2009; 27 SILVER LAKE AVE.; Wakefield, RI; $100 dnc services corp./dem. nat'l co
    38. John Stevenson; professor; u of rhode island; Q1-2004; 248 Laurel Ln.; West Kingston, RI; $350 dennis kucinich
    39. Jon Sutinen; professor; university of rhode island; Q3-2007; PO BOX 1498.; Kingston, RI; $350 bill richardson
    40. Judith Mercer; scientist; university of rhode island; Q3-2008; 76 WOODBURY RD.; Cranston, RI; $230 barack obama
    41. Judith Swift; professor; university of rhode island; Q1-2004; 7 Ventura Cir.; Kingston, RI; $250 john kerry
    42. Judith Swift; professor; university of rhode island; Q2-2010; new; 7 VENTURA CIR.; Kingston, RI; $10 dnc services corp./dem. nat'l co
    43. Judith Swift; professor; university of rhode island; Q2-2010; new; 7 VENTURA CIR.; Kingston, RI; $10 dnc services corp./dem. nat'l co
    44. Judith Swift; professor; university of rhode island; Q2-2010; new; 7 VENTURA CIR.; Kingston, RI; $10 dnc services corp./dem. nat'l co
    45. Judith Swift; professor; university of rhode island; Q2-2010; new; 7 VENTURA CIR.; Kingston, RI; $10 dnc services corp./dem. nat'l co
    46. Judith Swift; professor; university of rhode island; Q2-2010; new; 7 VENTURA CIR.; Kingston, RI; $10 dnc services corp./dem. nat'l co
    47. Judith Swift; professor; university of rhode island; Q2-2010; new; 7 VENTURA CIR.; Kingston, RI; $30 dnc services corp./dem. nat'l co
    48. Judith Swift; professor; university of rhode island; Q2-2010; new; 7 VENTURA CIR.; Kingston, RI; $30 dnc services corp./dem. nat'l co
    49. Judith Swift; professor; university of rhode island; Q2-2010; new; 7 VENTURA CIR.; Kingston, RI; $30 dnc services corp./dem. nat'l co
    50. Judith Swift; professor; university of rhode island; Q3-2008; 7 VENTURA CIR.; Kingston, RI; $1,035 barack obama
    51. Judith Swift; professor; university of rhode island; Q3-2010; new; 7 VENTURA CIR.; Kingston, RI; $10 dnc services corp./dem. nat'l co
    52. Judith Swift; professor; university of rhode island; Q3-2010; new; 7 VENTURA CIR.; Kingston, RI; $10 dnc services corp./dem. nat'l co
    53. Judith Swift; professor; university of rhode island; Q3-2010; new; 7 VENTURA CIR.; Kingston, RI; $10 dnc services corp./dem. nat'l co
    54. Judith Swift; professor; university of rhode island; Q3-2010; new; 7 VENTURA CIR.; Kingston, RI; $25 dnc services corp./dem. nat'l co
    55. Judith Swift; professor; university of rhode island; Q3-2010; new; 7 VENTURA CIR.; Kingston, RI; $30 dnc services corp./dem. nat'l co
    56. Judith Swift; professor; university of rhode island; Q3-2010; new; 7 VENTURA CIR.; Kingston, RI; $30 dnc services corp./dem. nat'l co
    57. Judith Swift; professor; university of rhode island; Q4-2009; 7 VENTURA CIR.; Kingston, RI; $20 dnc services corp./dem. nat'l co
    58. Judith Swift; professor; university of rhode island; Q4-2009; 7 VENTURA CIR.; Kingston, RI; $25 dnc services corp./dem. nat'l co
    59. Judith Swift; professor; university of rhode island; Q4-2009; 7 VENTURA CIR.; Kingston, RI; $30 dnc services corp./dem. nat'l co
    60. Judith Swift; professor; university of rhode island; Q4-2009; 7 VENTURA CIR.; Kingston, RI; $30 dnc services corp./dem. nat'l co
    61. Kenneth Rogers; professor; university of rhode island; Q1-2008; 292 HILLSDALE RD.; West Kingston, RI; $405 mitt romney
    62. Laura Meyerson; assistant professor of ecology; university of rhode island; Q1-2008; 112 LITTLE REST RD.; Kingston, RI; $220 barack obama
    63. Lorraine Bloomquist; professor; uri; Q1-2008; 36 TAMANACO DR.; Charlestown, RI; $291 barack obama
    64. Lynn Dunphy; professor; university of rhode island; Q4-2009; 8 JAKES WAY.; Narragansett, RI; $250 dennigan for congress
    65. Mary Healey Jamiel; professor; university of rhode island; Q2-2008; 44 CHURCH ST.; Warren, RI; $580 barack obama
    66. Mary Hollinshead; professor; university of rhode island; Q3-2008; 122 MARTIN ST.; Rehoboth, MA; $1,060 barack obama
    67. Mathew Lueras; controller - nm; uri; Q1-2008; 12428 HIMALAYAN WAY NE.; Albuquerque, NM; $300 barack obama
    68. Michael Vocino; professor; university of rhode island; Q1-2007; 39 CARRIAGE LN.; Kingston, RI; $250 barack obama
    69. Michael Vocino; professor; university of rhode island; Q2-2007; 39 CARRIAGE LN.; Kingston, RI; $350 john edwards
    70. Paul Larrat; professor; university of rhode island; Q2-2010; new; 167 TILLINGHAST RD.; East Greenwich, RI; $300 clegg for congress campaign
    71. Peter Cornillon; professor; university of rhode island; Q1-2004; 139 North Rd.; Saunderstown, RI; $1,000 john kerry
    72. Peter Cornillon; professor; university of rhode island; Q1-2004; 139 North Rd.; Saunderstown, RI; $500 dnc
    73. Peter Nightingale
    74. Peter Nightingale; physicist; uri; Q3-2008; 52 NICHOLS RD.; Kingston, RI; $250 barack obama
    75. Richard Vaccaro; professor; university of rhode island; Q4-2009; 24 CAMPUS AVE.; Kingston, RI; $250 bachmann for congress
    76. Robert Thompson; professor; university of rhode island; Q3-2008; 67 NARRAGANSETT AVE W.; Wakefield, RI; $457 barack obama
    77. Robert Weygand; vice president for administratio; university of rhode island; Q2-2010; new; 95 GLEN HILL DR.; Saunderstown, RI; $400 langevin for congress
    78. Robert Weygand; vice president for administratio; university of rhode island; Q4-2009; 95 GLEN HILL DR.; Saunderstown, RI; $1,000 langevin for congress
    79. Roberta Feather; adult psychiatric services; university of rhode island; Q2-2010; new; 70 ELMGROVE AVE.; Providence, RI; $500 cicilline committee
    80. Sara Cottrill; researcher; uri; Q2-2008; 362 PINE HILL RD.; Wakefield, RI; $384 hillary clinton
    81. Scott Lloyd; proessor; university of rhode island; Q3-2008; 64 E PARK LN.; Kingston, RI; $400 barack obama
    82. Scott Molloy; professor; uri; Q3-2008; 550 USQUEPAUGH RD.; West Kingston, RI; $300 barack obama
    83. Sean O'Donnell; pharmacist; university of rhode island; Q4-2007; 43 SPENCER COURT.; Wakefield, RI; $225 rudy giuliani
    84. Sona Aronian; professo; university of rhode island; Q1-2008; Kingston, RI; $300 Jeanne Shaheen For Senate. Sona Aronian; professor; univ of rhode island; Q1-2004; 14 Helme Rd.; Kingston, RI; $250 john kerry. Sona Aronian; professor; univ of rhode island; Q3-2007; 10 UPPER COLLEGE RD.; Kingston, RI; $1,000 hillary clinton. Sona Aronian; professor; univ of rhode island; Q3-2007; 10 UPPER COLLEGE RD.; Kingston, RI; $1,000 hillary clinton. Sona Aronian; professor; univ of ri; Q1-2004; 14 Helme Rd.; Kingston, RI; $300 dnc. Sona Aronian; professor; univ of ri; Q1-2007; Kingston, RI; $500 Dnc Services Corporation/democratic National Committee. Sona Aronian; professor; univ of ri; Q1-2008; Kingston, RI; $225 21st Century Democrats. Sona Aronian; professor; university jri; Q1-2007; Kingston, RI; $600 Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee. Sona Aronian; professor; university jri; Q2-2010; new; 14 HELME RD.; Kingston, RI; $100 democratic congressional campaig. Sona Aronian; professor; university jri; Q2-2010; new; 14 HELME RD.; Kingston, RI; $150 democratic congressional campaig. Sona Aronian; professor; university jri; Q3-2009; 14 HELME RD.; Kingston, RI; $50 democratic congressional campaig. Sona Aronian; professor; university jri; Q4-2007; Kingston, RI; $900 Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee. Sona Aronian; professor; university jri; Q4-2009; 14 HELME RD.; Kingston, RI; $300 democratic congressional campaig. Sona Aronian; professor; university of rhode island; Q1-2008; 14 HELME RD.; Kingston, RI; $1,300 hillary clinton. Sona Aronian; professor; university of rhode island; Q1-2008; 14 HELME RD.; Kingston, RI; $1,300 hillary clinton. Sona Aronian; professor; university of rhode island; Q3-2010; new; 14 HELME RD.; Kingston, RI; $500 betsy dennigan for congress. Sona Aronian; professor; university of rhode island; Q3-2010; new; 14 HELME RD.; Kingston, RI; $500 betsy dennigan for congress. Sona Dr. Aronian; profess; university of rhode4 island; Q1-2007; Kingston, RI; $250 Emily's List. Sona Dr. Aronian; professo; university of rhode island; Q1-2008; Kingston, RI; $200 Emily's List. Sona Dr. Aronian; professor; univ. of ri; Q1-2008; Kingston, RI; $1,000 Emily's List. Sona Dr. Aronian; professor; univ. of ri; Q1-2008; Kingston, RI; $500 Emily's List
    85. Thomas Dupree; adjunct professor; university of rhode island; Q3-2008; 20 GENTRY FARM DR.; Coventry, RI; $405 barack obama
    86. Wendy Roworth; professor; university of rhode island; Q1-2004; 112 Slater Ave.; Providence, RI; $100 dnc
    87. William McKinney; university administrator; univ of rhode island; Q1-2004; 200 Kingstown Rd.; Narragansett, RI; $565 john kerry

  2. Alfonso

    Vice President for Research and Economic Development, Peter Alfonso, peteralfonso -@- uri.edu

    Maybe PEDRO ALFONSO 05/2003, 72 KENDALL ST, CENTRAL FALLS, RI 02863 (401) 726-7690

  3. Vice President for University Advancement, Robert Beagle 2008oct8

    ROBERT M BEAGLE Born 1943, 8 ACORN CT WAKEFIELD, RI 02879 (401) 782-0493

  4. Harold D. Bibb, Associate Dean

    (401) 783-0803 HAROLD D BIBB Born 1940, 62 ENTERPRISE TER KINGSTON, RI 02881 (401) 783-8547

  5. Jenn Brandt JENNIFER BRANDT 07/2004, 296 NORWOOD AVE WARWICK, RI 02888
  6. Robert L. Carothers, President's Office, Green Hall, 35 Campus Avenue, Kingston, RI 02881-1303. MUSKRAT -@- URI.EDU.

    ROBERT L CAROTHERS Born 1943, 05/2003, 56 UPPER COLLEGE RD KINGSTON, RI 02881

  7. Dougan 2008oct15

    Vice President for Student Affairs, Thomas R. Dougan

    TOM R DOUGAN 142 HUNDRED ACRE POND RD WEST KINGSTON, Washington County, RI 02892 (401) 783-3987. South of Estelle Drive, west of Hundred Acre Pond.

    TOM R DOUGAN Born 1949 172 HUNDRED ACRE POND RD WEST KINGSTON, RI 02892-1303. (401) 783-3987

  8. Donna M. Hughes, Professor 2009feb14

    Donna M. Hughes, 316 Eleanor Roosevelt Hall. dhughes -@- uri.edu. She published falsehoods.

    1. Background born about 1954 University of Bradford, West Yorkshire, UK Pennsylvania State University Ph.D., Genetics, 1990 Eleanor M. and Oscar M. Carlson Endowed Chair In general in America. it is common for the endower, or less commonly his representative, to choose the first holder of an endowed chair at a university. That generalization does not necessarily apply to the Carlson Endowed Chair, URI.or Hughes. We don't know who held Hughes's endowed chair before she did.
    2. Possible Addresses
      1. Maryland 
          

        1.  McCain Contribution Address

          
Donna Hughes; professor;
6510 PUTMAN RD.; Thurmont, Frederick County, MD;
$700 john mccain

Account Identifier:	District - 20 Account Number - 407182

Owner Information
Owner Name:	HUGHES DANIEL E & DONNA M
[Co-owner Daneil may also be a government officer:
	Nuclear Regulatory Commission engineer born in 1948.]

	Use:	RESIDENTIAL
Principal Residence:	YES
Mailing Address:	6510 PUTMAN RD.
THURMONT MD 21788-2725	

Deed Reference:	1) /02629/ 01083
				2)

Location & Structure Information
Premises Address		
6510 PUTMAN RD		

Legal Description
7.63382 ACRES
0-0000 		W/S PUTMAN ROAD

Map	Grid	Parcel	Sub District	Subdivision	Section	Block	Lot	Assessment Area	Plat No:	33 24
0040	0001 	0531 		0000				2	Plat Ref:	

Special Tax Areas	Town	NONE
Ad Valorem	302
Tax Class	

Primary Structure Built	Enclosed Area	Property Land Area	County Use
1987	2,520 SF	7.6300 AC	
Stories	Basement	Type	Exterior
2.000000	YES	STANDARD UNIT	FRAME

Value Information
	Base Value	Value	Phase-in Assessments
		As Of
01/01/2011	As Of
07/01/2010	As Of
07/01/2011	
Land	244,720	153,100
Improvements:	277,440	225,600
Total Value:	522,160	378,700	522,160	378,700

Preferential Land:	0			0

Transfer Information
Seller:	...	Date:	09/10/1999	Price:	$287,500
Type:	ARMS LENGTH IMPROVED	Deed1:	/02629/ 01083	Deed2:	

Seller:	...	Date:	05/08/1986	Price:	$39,000
Type:	ARMS LENGTH IMPROVED	Deed1:	/01337/ 00120	Deed2:	
Seller:		Date:		Price:	
Type:		Deed1:		Deed2:	

Exemption Information
Partial Exempt Assessments	Class	07/01/2011	07/01/2012
County			0.00
State			0.00
Municipal			0.00
Tax Exempt:		Special Tax Recapture:
Exempt Class:		* NONE * 


        2.  Thurmont
DONNA M HUGHES Born  1955
6510 PUTMAN RD
THURMONT, MD  21788   
(301) 898-9471
      2. Acorn

        DONNA M HUGHES Born 1955, 05/2003, 35 ACORN CT WAKEFIELD, RI 02879 (401) 782-0154. 

        35H-6 ACORN COURT

Map-Lot-Unit : 	48-1/ 19-6/ / / /
Location: 	35H-6 ACORN COURT
Owner Name: 	HUGHES, DANIEL E & DONNA M
Account Number: 	08333525

Parcel Value
Item 	Current Assessed Value 	  	  	  	FY 2007 Assessed Value
Buildings 	287,800 	287,800
Extra Building Features 	0 	0
Outbuildings 	0 	0
Land 	0 	0
Total: 	287,800 	287,800

 Owner of Record
HUGHES, DANIEL E & DONNA M

 Ownership History
Owner Name
Book/Page 	Sale Date 	Sale Price
HUGHES, DANIEL E & DONNA M
635/ 400 	8/21/1996 	112,000

 Land Line Valuation
Size 	Zone 	Assessed Value
0.00 AC 	R20 	0

 Construction Detail Condo Unit Information
Item 	Value
STYLE 	Condominium
MODEL 	Res Condo
Grade 	Average + 10
Stories: 	2 Stories
Interior Wall 1: 	Drywall/Sheet
Interior Floor 1 	Hardwood
Interior Floor 2 	Carpet
Heat Fuel: 	Gas
Heat Type: 	Forced Air-Duc
AC Type: 	Central
Ttl Bedrms: 	2 Bedrooms
Ttl Bathrms: 	1 Full
Ttl Half Bths: 	1
Total Rooms: 	6
Bath Style: 	Average
Kitchen Style: 	Average
Condo Complex Information
Item 	Value
Residential Units: 	86
Roof Cover 	Asph/F Gls/Cmp
Roof Structure 	Gable/Hip
Exterior Wall 1: 	Wood Shingle
Exterior Wall 2: 	Clapboard
Grade 	Average

 Building Valuation
Item 	Value
Living Area 	1,002 square feet
Replacement Cost 	334,708
Year Built 	1991
Depreciation 	14%
Replacement Cost Less Depreciation 	287,800

 Outbuildings
Code 	Description 	Units
No Outbuildings

 Extra Features
Code 	Description 	Units
No Extra Building Features

 Building Sketch

Subarea Summary
Code 	Description 	Gross Area 	Living Area
BAS 	First Floor 	536 	536
CTH 	Cathedral Ceiling 	188 	0
FBM 	Basement, Finished 	536 	0
FGR 	Garage 	280 	0
FUS 	Upper Story, Finished 	466 	466
WDK 	Deck, Wood 	100 	0

	Total 	2106 	1002
      3. DONNA M HUGHES Born 1959, 01/2002, 267 BROW ST, EAST PROVIDENCE, RI 02914.
      4. DONNA M HUGHES Born 1959, 08/2002, 282 NEW YORK AVE, PROVIDENCE, RI 02905.
      5. DONNA M HUGHES Born 1959, 107 VIOLA AVE, RIVERSIDE, RI 02915 (401) 433-5374. 
        107 VIOLA AVE

white house with turquoise trim, garage to right, flagpole, brick chimney, conceivably a white pickup truck

Map-Parcel-Unit : 	513/ 01/ 018/ 00/ /
Location: 	107 VIOLA AVE
Alternate ID: 	513-01-018.00

 Parcel Value
Item 	Assessed Value
Buildings 	161,100
Extra Building Features 	1,900
Outbuildings 	0
Land 	61,400
Total: 	224,400

 Ownership History
Owner Name 	Book/Page 	Sale Date 	Sale Price
HUGHES, WILLIAM P & DONNA M 	1078/0160 	1/20/1994 	120,000

Land Use Code 	Land Use Description
1010 	SINGLE FAM M01
    3. Name History 
      What was political contributor Donna Hughes's name before it became Donna Hughes?
In 2002 in Maryland, there was a political contributor, Donna Albritton-Hughes.

Albritton-Hughes, Donna
$100
Marriott, Salima Siler Campaign Committee
08/24/2002

Hughes and Albritton-Hughes may be different people.
    4. Portrait Photograph

      Her URI Web page attributes a photogoraph of her to Dan Hughes: "Photo: Dan Hughes". See our matereial below about her Maryland address and our Nuclaear Regulatory Commission page.

    5. Research

      2009feb5

      1. Introduction

        We are not exprert about Donna Hughes. Our opinion follows.

      2. Probability value, p

        Many researchers notice a pattern of facts, analyze the pattern, then draw conclusions. One might notice a pattern that is a mere coincidence, not realize that it's merely a coincidence, then analyze the pattern as if it were something other than a coincidence. As a result of this risk, competent researchers calculate the probability that the fact pattern (the pattern of facts which they are offering an analysis of) is a coincidence. The higher probability, the more appropriate it is to ignore the analysis. The probability is often represented by a lower case, italicized p. For example, a research article might contain "p < 0.0400". That example means that the probability (that the fact pattern which the analysis is based on is a coincidence) is less than 0.0400 (less than four per cent). The lower the probability of coincidence, the better. Some research journals will not accept an article if the probability exceeds 0.05 (five per cent). We'll give a brief, crudely oversimplified example. Consider a researcher curious whether a coin is biased in favor of landing heads up. He tosses the coin once. It lands heads up. He writes an article reporting that the coin is biased in favor of landing heads up. If he submits the article to a journal without calculating p, the journal might not publish it simply because it lacks that number. A coin has two sides. In the hypothetical coin research mentioned just above, the probability that the coin came up heads is 50 per cent (p = 0.5000). If he includes his p value in his proposed article, some journals would not publish the article simply because the p value is much too high. A layman might think to himself, "You tossed the coin only once. Maybe it's a coincidence that it landed heads up. You're jumping to a conclusion about that coin." A researcher might think, "Your probability value is much too high. You don't know how to do research." Above is a crudely oversimplified example. Calculating a p value requires a clear understanding of what happened (the patters of facts which the analysis is based on) and of statistics. Unethical researchers, to get their articles published, may sometimes intentionally miscalculate the probability, the p value, to make it seem smaller than it really is. Inept researchers simply omit it. Donna Hughes omits it. This raises a question of the probability that her analysis and conclusions are based on mere coincidences. We guess that they are.

        Consider a drug manufacturer which invents a new drug, claims it's better for a disease than all exisiting drugs, and wants permission to say so to doctors. It's not enough to have evidence that the new drug is better. The manufacturer needs a low probability value for the evidence. In other words, there should be a low probability that it is a coincidence that evidence shows that the new drug is better. Every day, people calculate probability values. When important decisions have to be made, experts often want a low probability that the decisions are based on observation of a coincidence.

        When students first learn about probability value, they sometimes want practical, research advice about how small the value should be. There is a joke. The teacher says that, if the students have to make a decision about investing their money, they should insist on a probability value of not more than 0.04 (four hundredths, four percent). If the decision concerns their health, which is more important than money, they should insist on a value of 0.03 (a lower risk of coincidence). If the decision concerns the teacher's investments or health, the probability value should not exceed 0.02 (even lower risk of coincidence). The implication is that the teacher's health and investments are more important than the students'. That's the joke. What does it say about the importance of women that Hughes does not, in her writing about women, supply a probability value but she teaches at URI and has been a consultant on women's issues? The implication is that, because women are unimportant, it's okay to make decisions about them based on coincidence. This is not tolerated in activities the public cares much about, such as the effectiveness and safety of drugs.

      3. Measuring the value of a hypothesis

        A researcher studying y might make a hypothesis about it. For example, he might have a hypothesis about how much y there is or about how much y there will be. For a more specific example, he might hypothesize that
        y = mx + b. He may want to measure how good his hypothesis is. For example, how well does it explain or predict what it is supposed to explain or predict? Among many researchers, there is a desire not merely to state a hypothesis. There also is a desire to measure its value. This is sometimes thought of as measuring how well the curve fits the data. The curve is the graphical representation of the hypothesis. For example, it might be a hyperbola. The data are what one is trying to explain or predict. If there's a perfect fit, the hypothesis explains or predicts perfectly. In a prefect fit, all of the data are on the curve. In a bad fit, the data are far from the curve. There are different ways to measure the fit. One, popular way is the correlation coefficient, sometimes called the cross-correlation coefficient. Another way is Kendall's tau. There are other ways to measure the value of a hypothesis. For example, a practical way is called PRE (Proportionate Reduction of Error). PRE can be used to measure the reduction in errors caused by using a hypothesis. The bigger the PRE, the better. A negative PRE means that using the hypothesis causes an increase in error. Competent researchers generally want to measure the value of a hypothesis. Hughes does not measure the value of any of her hypotheses, as far as we know. For example, she does not provide a coeffecient correlation or PRE, as far as we know. This raises a question of how much value her hypotheses have. We guess that her hypotheses have little vcalue.

      4. Comments

        In the articles of hers which we read, we did not see her confidence interval, her sample size, or a claim that her observations were double blind or single blind . Her writing is unscientific and nonmathemtical.

        In school, some students study a subject because they want to learn it. For example, they study chemistry or astronomy because they want to learn those subjects. Some students dislike math and science. They want to get a degree while learning as little math or science as possible. In our opinion, Hughes's courses happen to be a haven for such students. As nearly as we can tell, Hughes's courses lack a math prerequisite. This lack is suitable for an introductory course only, something like Women's Studies 101, Intriduction to Women's Studies.

        We once attended a scientific conference about one area of technology. There were speakers. One speaker began with an imitation of: someone ignorant in that area speaking as if he were an expert. He was hilarious. He had the audience in stitches. Then, he finished the imitation and gave the talk he was scheduled to give. We don't think that Hughes's students are laughing. They may listen to Hughes as if she is an expert researcher.

        Using mathematics in research can immensely illuminate what is studied; for examle, mathematics can be used to measure the relative sizes of interacting causes (useful if, for example, one wants to reduce major causes of a problem rather than trivial ones, or inexpensive-to-reduce causes rather than expensive-to-reduce causes). Based on those of Hughes's articles which we read, we conclude that her concepts are verbal, not mathematical; for example, she does not create or develop equations. In a typical article in which she reports her "research", there isn't even one equation. Her articles really are just politically correct sermons. She seems to gather much of her material by credulously listening and reading. She tends not to define crucial terms. Some government programs are counterproductive. In other words, they backfire. We were unable to find how she proposes to measure the actual effects of her policy recommendations. For example, if her policy recommendations are put into effect and backfire, how does she propose to discover how much they backfire or even whether they backfire? Although she writes much about business, she does not provide cost accounting. In addition to all of the foregoing, some of her statements are wrong and even libelous. Moral passion is not a substitute for research competence. Furthermore, competent research may show that a person is mistaken about much of what he passionately believes.

        One could sit with a seventh grade pupil and explain everything that Hughes writes. This is because Hughes does not do advanced research.

      5. Extensive, practical experience

        Some writers do not claim to be researchers. For example, newspaper reporters do not claim to be researchers. A reporter can watch, for example, police evacuate an area about to be flooded. He can write an article about what he saw and heard without claiming to be a researcher in floods, police work, or anything else. He writes what he saw and heard, what he experienced. Does Hughes have impressive, experience seeing and hearing what she writes about? To use trafficking in women as an example, because this an areas in which she explicitly claimed to be "... a leading international researcher ...", how many times has Hughes been present at the sale of a woman? How many times has anyone offered to sell Hughes a woman? Practical experience is no substitute for research competence. For example, a taxi driver is not necessarily qualified to do research in automotive engineering, urban transportation, or economics. As well as we can tell, Hughes does not seem to have extensive, practical experience in the areas in which she describes herself as a researcher.

        We never owned, bought, sold or trafficked in a woman. We never provided, or went on, a sex tour. We were never paid by a whore or a whore's customer. We never provided a cap or other clothing to a whore or her customer, or to anyone else in conjunction with whoring. We never brought anyone to a whore, nor were we ever paid to.

        Consider the following situation. Six months ago, Aaron told you that, one year earlier, Barbara told him that, one year earlier, Carl had forced her to be his slave whore. Today, you tell Dave what you heard about Barbara and Carl. You are spreading gossip. A story isn't true (or false) merely because it's shocking. Hughes is a gossip-monger pretending to be a researcher. There isn't a rule that grossly inept research is tolerable if the subject is sex. Hughes has no idea how to analyze a sex business or any other business, not a clue.

      6. Slave and free

        1. Hughes seems to write about, among other subjects, slave whores who are women (women who, against their will, are literally, physically forced by another person to be a whore). In the speculative discussion below, we guess about these slave whores.
        2. We guess that some people assume that slave whores would be profitable to a whorehouse owner because he profits from the difference between: the high pay he would pay free whores, and the low cost of owning slave whores.
        3. If a customer goes to a whorehouse, either there's a fixed price or he negotiates a price. Whom does he negotiate with? A free whore at the whorehouse is motivated to negotiated for as much as she can get. A slave whore would not be motivated to negotiate for a high fee because she would get none of the fee. Maybe a madam (by which we mean a female or male owner or owner's representative) negotiates with the customer when the whore is a slave.
        4. Regardless of whether there is a fixed price or a negotiated one, a customer would have little incentive to pay for a whore before seeing her. He would need to see her to know how much he's willing to pay. Maybe the slave whore is present while the madam talks with the potential customer.
        5. We guess that some customers like to chat with a whore, or have a drink with her, before deciding whether to have sex with her. What incentive does a slave whore have to engage in seductive small talk with a potential customer?
        6. We guess that a slave whore's attractiveness much affects her owner's income. A woman's attractiveness is much affected by her hair, clothing, and makeup. Who cuts the slave's hair, givers her a perm, or dyes her hair? Does the slave go to a beauty parlor? Why doesn't she escape on her way there? Why doesn't she ask the beautician to call the police? Does a beautician come to the whorehouse? Is the beautician in cahoots with the slave whore's owner? A whore's clothing is important to her attrativeness and thus to her income. Does her owner measure her body, then buy clothes for her in a store in which she is not present? Often, it's necessary for a woman to try clothing on in the store to see if she looks good in the clothing. We guess that a slave whore doesn't look as good in her clothing as does a free whore. How does a slave whore get makeup and perfume? Does her owner buy it? If the owner spends a lot of time on these things (arranging for a trusted beautician to come to the whorehouse, buying clothes, perfume, and makeup for the slave whore), it may be cheaper to use free whores instead. If her hair, clothes, and makeup look bad, she will look bad, and therefore bring in much less income for her owner, we guess.
        7. Whores, as other women, sometimes need a physician or dentist. A madame does not care if a free whore goes to a physician or dentist. What does the slave owner do to preventing his slave whore from telling her plight to a physician? A slave whore may get pregnant. She may be less attractive with a huge belly. We guess that the missionary position my be unsafe when a pregnant woman has a big belly. Does the slave owner illicitly get birth control pills, then force his whore to take them? The pill doesn't always work. Condoms fail more often than the pill. We guess that some customers will not return to a whorehouse which requires use of condoms. What if the whore gets pregnant? What if she gets a toothache and needs a dentist? The whore could tell the doctor or dentist that she's a slave and ask him to call police. Maybe slave whores don't provde penis-vagina intercourse, so that they can't get pregnant. Maybe the owner kills her if she becomes medically disabled. We guess that:
          1. To try to prevent slave whores from escaping, owners prevent them from being treated by a physician or dentist. If the whore becomes disabled (by an untreated medical problem, for example), her owner kills her. Because of the lack of medical and dental treatment, the average slave whore's work life is shorter than the average free whore's.
          2. To try to prevent slave whores from getting pregnant, owners either do not permit them to engage in penis-vagina intercourse (an unusual whorehouse, we guess) or force the whores to use a contraceptive such as illicitly obtained birth control pills (licitly obtained birth control pills would require the physician to talk with the whore, at least in some countries). We guess that it would be suspicious for a whorehouse not to sell penis-vagina intercourse. If the whorehouse does not provide penis-vagina intercourse, the owner's income will be much lower. If the owner often, illegally buys contraceptives, he may get caught. Condoms don't require a prescription but they have a higher failure rate than the pill, and some customers may dislike them. The owner won't be in the room with the customer and slave, making sure that the customer wears a condom. A free whore may want to protect her income and health. We guess that a slave whore may have terrible morale. Pregnancy will not reduce her income because she has no income. Condoms protect against VD but she may be so depressed that she may have stopped caring about her health. Maybe the slave whore insists that the customer wear a condom.
        8. Sooner or later, the slave whore and her owner's customer are alone in a room in which they will have sex. Repeat business and referrals come from satisfied customers. A satisfied customer is the world's best salesman. Some men like to chat with a woman as part of sex. A free whore has an incentive to chat with those customers who want to chat: she wants them coming back, asking for her. What incentive does a slave whore have to pleasingly chat before, during, or after sex? If the chat isn't what the custmer wants, he may not come back. We guess that slave whores don't get repeat business or referrals from customers who want to chat before, during, or after sex.
        9. Many businesses try to provide service with a smile. Why would a slave smile?
        10. Some men are curious. We guess that, if they go to a whorehouse, they are curious about the whorehouse and the whore they are with. Sooner or later, some alert customers will suspect that the whores there are slaves. Word will get out.
        11. Many women give sex for free and there are many whores selling it, causing the average whore's income to be low, we guess. Therefore, we guess that free whores seem more profitable to whorehouse owners than slave whores. In many industries, there are business-owners who experiment with new ways of doing business. It is conceivable that a few whorehouse-owners occasionally experiment with slave whores. Maybe in peculiar economic situations (for example, places where most free whores are paid much, assuming that there are such places), slavery would be profitable to the owner of a whorehouse which provides whores whose hair and clothing aren't attrative and who have, from the customers' point of view, a bad attitude.
        12. Prostitution is a retail business, and retail businesses generally are difficult to conceal from local police. We guess that, in most cities, local police eventually know about all the whorehouses there. Police probably will try to find out all kinds of crime done in each whorehouse, not just whoring. If the whores there are slaves, local police will find out, we guess. Furthermore, people often find out what their neighbors do. If there were slave whores next door, neighbors might find out. For example, some people might discover that a whorehouse is near, then wondeer why they never see whores leave it. In conclusion, we guess that slave whores would be discovered by alert customers, local police, or neighbors.
        13. We never ran a whorehouse. Nevertheless, we guess that whorehouse owners get much lower income from slave whores than from free whores. We also guess that slave whores require much more work by the slave owner, especially shopping and anti-escape surveillance.
        14. Some free whores are unable to stop being whores. For example, many female heroin addicts urgently need cash every day, and prostitution gets the cash. Many addicted whores unsuccessfully tried to permanently stop being addicted.
        15. We guess that some whores who are illegal aliens, after being arrested, try to avoid criminal conviction and shame by claiming that they were tricked into coming to the new country and then forced to be whores. This does not mean that every such claim is false.
        16. Jails spend money to try to minimize the number of escape. There are walls, locks, closed circuit TVs, salle ports, restrictions on who may enter the jail, restrictions on what parts of the jail prisoners may enter, and a wide variety of other measues to try to prevent escape. Nevertheless, prisoners sometimes escape. It seems difficult for a whorehouse, especially in a city, to hold prisoner-whores for long. Keep in mind that the public often enters and leaves a whorehouse. Members of the public are alone with the whores daily as part of the whores' work. What if a whore wants to leave a whorehouse with a customer to go to his place, tells him, and he thinks that's a great idea? He wants her to come to his home with him and they start walking out of the whorehouse together. He thinks she's a free whore and he's not going to want anyone to stop them from leaving together. We don't claim that no urban whorehouse has prisoner-whores. However, if imprisonment involves much work and expense to keep whores from escaping, it may be cheaper and therefore more profitable to use free whores instead. If a free whore quits, the whorehouse's management merely is inconvenienced. If a slave whore escapes and talks to police, police may raid the whorehouse. In conclusion, there is a high risk that one of the slave whores will escape, and even one escape may cause a police raid which results in arrest of management and liberation of management. We guess that slave-whores who don't escape may be exceptionally ignorant, stupid, or passive.
        17. We don't claim that there isn't even one whorehouse with slave whores. We guess that slave whorehouses:
          1. are rare (in other words, only a tiny percent of the world's whorehouses have slave whores)
          2. have slave whores only briefly
          3. have slave whores only in small number.
          Clients vary much in how much they chat with whores. Furthermore, this behavior is much more common among the men of some ethnic groups than others, we think. We guess that slave whores would be most profitable where clients want sex with no small talk.
        18. Consider a man who decides that he wants a whorehouse staffed by slaves. The only question for him is how to get the slaves. Trapping or kidnapping of an attrative woman is an easy, cheap crime to do. There is no need to import women from other countries. Even if one wanted a slave who is not from the whorehouse's city, there is no need for the work and expense of getting a woman from a foreign country. Women, including women who already are whores, can easily, cheaply be trapped or kidnapped. If one wants a slave, there's no need for elaborate, international trickery. We guess that sometimes a man knows an illegal female immigrant from a poor country, beats her, rapes her, takes her passport, and tells her that she must work for him as a whore. She could leave, find a police officer, and report the crimes against her, but she'd rather be a whore in the new country then risk deportation. Sometimes, according to a possibly true article we read, an illegal female immigrant from a poor country owes money to a man who brought her to the new country at his expense. She knows no one in the new country except him. She does not know the new country's language. He lied to her that he would get her a nice job in the new country. After she arrives, he tells her that she must pay him and that the only work for her is as his whore. She has no other way to get money. She could leave but decides to work as his whore long enough to pay her debt. If a woman can leave but persistently decides not to, she is not a slave. We know that serious crimes sometimes are done to immigrants and foreign visitors. This problem doesn't mean that the victims are slaves.
        19. We define trafficking in women, which we abbreviate as TIW, to mean buying and selling women. If a seller sells a woman to a buyer, that is an instance of TIW as defined by us. Some writers define trafficking in persons (TIP), also called human trafficking (HT), extremely broadly to include almost any substantial mistreatment of workers. For example, some definitions of TIP and HT include child labor (for example, to harvest crops or work as soldiers), debt bondage, forced labor, and migrant farm labor. TIP and HT often are defined so broadly that they include most workers in some countries and, on a gloabal level, most workers in some industries. Many TIP and HT activists often are far more ideological than pragmatic, focus on how TIP and HT are used by men to unfairly get sexual intercourse, and recommend abolition of prostitution. Do not confuse our narrow definition of TIW with broad definitions of TIP and HT. We did not happen to run across Hughes's definition(s). Hughes writes about, among other subjects, TIW (although not necessarily as we define it). TIW can, in theory at least, be how a slave whore's owner gets her. In other words, he can buy a woman to use as a whore. For many commodities, prices are published. We've read prices of illegally sold animals which are illegal to import, illegal druges, and sexual intercourse with prostitutes. It's easy to find current prices for gold, wheat, soyabeans, Brent crude, plywood, coffee, and other commodities. In conclusion, one can often find pries of illegal and legal things. Much of the TIP and HT literature describes the sale of women as common in many countries but it's rare to run across the price of a woman. For example, what's the current price of a woman (whom the buyer wants to use as a whore) in, for example, New York, London, and Tokyo? Are sale prices of women higher or lower than they wre three years ago? Are sale price of women highly correlated with luxuries (such as Caspian caviar and art masterpieces), capital goods (such as a dairy cow or lathe), or expensive pets (such as purebred basenjis)? Many economic and business researchers discover and discuss price cycles. Are there cycles in the prices of women? Are there multiyear cycles, for example? Are the cycles related to other business cycles? Of the women sold in 2008 (eithrr globally or in any specific place), approximately what percent were born in the country in which they were sold? What percent of all whores are slaves and what percent are free? (The answer to the previous question is crucial for those who want to devise effective, efficient policies. For example, one handles the problem differently if the percent of whores who are slaves is 0.0001 [one hundredth of one percent] than if it is 30.0 [thirty percent].) Do not assume that every slave whore became a whore after enslavement, or stopped being a whore after being freed. What percent of slave whores would, if they were freed, resume working as free whores? In the past, what percent of slave whores, after being freed, worked as whores? Just as a professor or researcher can move to a new country, a whore can. Of all recent immigrants who are whores (eithr globally or in any specific place), what percent are slaves? Which country has the highest percent, and which country has the lowest percent, of whores who are slaves? It's striking that, despite the widespread TIW that many "researchers" report, these data are reported rarely or not at all. Some kinds of these data are prerequisites to nonstupid public polcy concerned with slave whores.
        20. We don't know why we haven't run across gossip about buying men and black women to use as slave whores. Did we miss the gossip? Are the sale prices so low that traffickers aren't interested in dealing in men and black women? Do slave owners (who use men and black woman as slave whores) prefer to enslave free people rather than buy people already enslaved? Are there no slave whores who are men or black women?
        21. Dowery comes from the bride's family. Brideprice goes to the bride's family. It would be interesting to find out if the frequency of slave whores, or the price of slaves, is mathematically related to the size of brideprice or dowery.
        22. We guess that policy recommendations would be much affected by the client's attitude toward prostitution. For example, one might use fundamentally different, probably far more expensive and time-consuming methods to reduce all prostitution (including that done by slave whores) than merely to reduce slave prostitution. We have not read research measuring the effects of abstinence programs in reducing sexual activity. Businesses often know what their competitors do. Some businesses complain to the government when their competitors violate important laws. We guess that, in theory, owners of free whorehouses might complain to the government about competitors which are slave whorehouses. Many (most?) accounts of slave whores involve foreigners. The slave often is a foreigner (especially an illegal, young, female, white or Oriental foreigner who does not possess a passport). Thus, it seems conceivable that reducing the number of slave whores might involve changes in the policies of immigration agencies. We guess that some slave whores would seem immensely grateful to be arrested because the arrest would end the nightmare of their slavery. If a whorehouse whore seemed grateful to be arrestd, that might be a clue that her whoring had not been voluntary. Most urban civilians don't live at their work premises. If the whores of an urban whorehouse live there, we guess that that might be suspicious. Above we provide off-the-cuff thoughts. This is not an area in which we've read competent research. We are not expert in this area.
        23. We guess that fewer than a thousandth of today's whores were ever sold or enslaved. Regardless of what the fraction is, we guess that it is gradually declining because of long-term trends inimicxal to slave prostitution. We guess that the sale price of women sold in the last five years to buyers intending to use them as slave whores rarely was as high as the price of a kilogram of gold.
        24. There may be some mistakes in the account below.

          During World War II, the German government owned and operated whorehouses in about a dozen concentration camps. All whores were prisoners. There were whorehouses for prisoners and separate facilities for correctional officers. Prisoner-customers had no choice, if they wanted a whore, because there was only one whorehouse for prisoners in any camp. Prostitution was illegal outside the camps. We don't know whether the guards had access to free whores outside the camps. Prisoner-customers at Ravensbrueck camp paid two Reichsmarks for fifteen minutes with a whore. There were at least a few hundred prisoner-whores. The whorehouse owner had no problem getting repeat business and referrals from prisoner-customers because there was no competition in the camp. Germany did not capture women to use as whores. Germany used women who were already prisoners. The slave whores could not escape because they were in concentration camps. The vast majority of German prisoners, and the vast majority of concentration camp prisoners, were not whores. We don't know the percent of German whores who were prisoners. We think that most of the slave whores were German women. The German whorehouses for prisoner-customers seem to have provided drab, fast, no frills service. Slave whoring was introduced to accomplish two goals: increase productivity of male prisoner-workers, prevent an outbreak of homosexuality. We don't know if there was research to measure how much, if at all, either goal was achieved. A prisoner may do some work if he can buy a chocolate bar, chewing gum, or cigarettes with his earnings. Maybe he will do more work to buy sexual intercourse. Money is an incentive to the extent that one wants what money can buy, we guess. Was there more production among male slave prisoners who bought sex or who had the opportunity to buy sex? Was there less homosexuality? These questions have ramifications extending far beyond carceral institutions. A free worker can use his earnings to buy. Does he work more productively if he can use his earnings to buy sexual intercourse? Do free men who buy sex from whores, or have the opportunity to, produce more? Does the availability of whores affect indicators of worker productivity or of economic output; for example, GDP per worker? Maybe the analysis of concentration camp records can illuminate a few of these questions.

          During World War II, Japan arranged to have whorehouses available for its military personnel. As far as we know, the whorehouses were privately owned with encouragement from military management. There are claims that some whorehouses were owned by the military. The whores were civilians enslaved to be whores in those whorehouses. The Japanese military wanted the whorehouses as a service to military personnel, not as a source of profit for the military. The whorehouse owners had little or no problem getting repeat business and referrals because there was little or no competition. Japan had many slave whores. Guesses range from tens of thousands of whores to hundreds of thousands. We don't know the fees charged for sex with the slave whores. It was impossible for most slave whores to escape because, among other reasons, slave whorehouses were in areas subject to Japanese military control and military management did not want the whores to escape. For example, we think that some of the slave whorehouses were on naval ships. Whores were obtained in many countries; for example, Korea, China, and Japan. By the way, "comfort woman" is a literal translation of a Japanese term for whores who work in military whorehouses. In English, the term often denotes only the Japanese, World War II, military slave whores we discuss in this paragraph. The Japanese term is used broadly but its literal, English translation often is used narrowly.

          Getting profit from fees paid for sexual intercourse with slave-whores was not the German or Japanese governments' dominant motive. The whorehouses had little or no competition. The whorehouse owners either were the national government (Germany) or operated with encouragement from military management (Japan), so there was no fear that the government would discover what was going on. There is much, highly persuasive evidence of the German and Japanese slave whoring described in this paragraph. For example, the Japanese national government admitted the practice. We guess that the German national government admitted the practice. There are government records and other records showing German and Japanese slave whoring. Self-reports, especially when they report old events, tend to have have limited value. Keeping that tendency in mind: women claimning to have been slave whores provided detailed descriptions, and the descriptions frequently jibe with each other and with documentary evidence. None of the German or Japanese slave whores was sold. Thus, there are no sale prices. Because there were no sales, there was no TIW (trafficking in women) as we define it. Some of the German and Japanese slave whores had been free whores before being enslaved. We don't know if any of the slave whores (for example, those who had been whores before enslavement) were whores after they were freed. We don't know how the German and Japanese whorehouses compared to those staffed by free whores.

        25. Some of this speculative discussion may be wrong. The way to investigate these subjects (for example, how slave whores are gotten and kept, and how many such whores there are) is with competent research. Beware of the rescue racket.
      7. Summary and conclusion

        In our opinion, Hughes lacks both research competence and extensive, practical experience in the areas in which she describes herself as a researcher. Keeping women ignorant helps to oppress them. Furthermore, ignorance is itself a kind of oppression. Teachers and writers at the Hughes level help keep women ignorant.

  9. Kenyon

    Sharon Kenyon, Executive Assistant to the Vice President for Administration

    SHARON D KENYON Born 1966, 01/2002, 13 MAIN CAROLINA, RI 02812 (401) 364-9154

    SHARON D KENYON Born 1966 12/2004, 12 ELIZABETH COOPER DR, CHARLESTOWN, RI 02813 (401) 364-9154

    SHARON D KENYON 07/2005, 12 CASTLE WAY CHARLESTOWN, RI 02813 (401) 364-9154

    SHARON D KENYON, 04/2005, 12A CASTLE WAY CHARLESTOWN, RI 02813

    SHARON L KENYON Born Apr 1958, 85 PAUL ST PAWTUCKET, RI 02861 (401) 723-1654

  10. Keith T. Killingbeck, Associate Dean

    KEITH T KILLINGBECK Born Sep 1949, 5 SKAGERRAK RD, CHARLESTOWN, RI 02813 (401) 364-7513

  11. Keith LaBelle 2009jan27

    KEITH LABELLE Born Oct 1978, 03/2002, 11 NEWPORT LN NARRAGANSETT, RI 02882 (401) 789-7369

    KEITH R LABELLE born 1978-10-21 lived in South Dartmouth MA 02748.

    KEITH R LABELLE Born Oct 1978, 358 SMITH NECK RD, SOUTH DARTMOUTH, MA 02748

    KEITH J LABELLE Born Oct 1978, 10/2003, 358 SMITH NECK RD, SOUTH DARTMOUTH, MA 02748 (508) 992-6366

    KEITH J LABELLE Born Oct 1978, 08/2003, 358 SMITH NECK RD SOUTH DARTMOUTH, MA 02748 (508) 992-6366

    KEITH R LABELLE Born Oct 1978, 11/2004, 358 SMITH NECK RD SOUTH DARTMOUTH, MA 02748 (508) 992-6366

  12. Jody Lisberger 2009jan27

    JODY LISBERGER 01/2005, 66 SHEFFIELD HILL RD EXETER, RI 02822 (401) 294-4806

    JODY LISBERGER 09/2003, 22 CEDAR ST, NARRAGANSETT, RI 02882

  13. Jenn Longa Moio 2009jan28

    JENNIFER A LONGA 50 COMMUNITY DR PROVIDENCE, RI 02905

    J A LONGA 53 JOB ST PROVIDENCE, RI 02904

  14. Dawn Salgado, 33 PERSHING ST CRANSTON, RI 02910
  15. Senate 2008aug9

    Executive Committee of the URI Faculty Senate

    1. Barbara Costello, Vice Chairperson

      Associate Professor of Sociology and Anthropology, College of Arts and Sciences, Chafee Social Science Center. costello -@- uri.edu.

      BARBARA J COSTELLO Born Oct 1964, 02/2001, 56 MOCKINGBIRD DR, EXETER, RI 02822

      BARBARA A COSTELLO Born Sep 1955, 04/2006, 1 PENNACOOK ST, NEWPORT, RI 02840 (401) 847-3803

      BARBARA A COSTELLO Born Sep 1955, 04/2006, (401) 846-5722

      BARBARA M COSTELLO Born Sep 1937, 04/2002, 103 PETTIS DR, WARWICK, RI 02889 (401) 739-0205

      BARBARA M COSTELLO Born 1937, 05/2003, 777 COWESETT RD, WARWICK, RI 02886 (401) 886-5334

    2. Celest Martin, Chairperson

      Associate Professor of Writing and Rhetoric, College of Arts and Sciences, Roosevelt Hall. celest -@- mail.uri.edu.

      CELEST A MARTIN 12/2005, 50 ROCKLAND ST NARRAGANSETT, RI 02882 (401) 284-1488

      CELEST A MARTIN Born Jun 1951, 1323 SOUTH RD WAKEFIELD, RI 02879 (401) 783-9376

    3. Margaret Ordonez, member

      Professor of Textiles, Fashion Merchandising, and Design; College of Human Science and Services; Quinn Hall. mordonez -@- uri.edu.

      (401) 333-8954 MARGARET T ORDONEZ Born 1940, 08/2002 55 ABBOTT RUN VALLEY RD CUMBERLAND, RI 02864 (401) 333-9791, (401) 334-9755.

    4. Vice Provost for Academic Affairs, Lynn Pasquerella 2008oct8

      We don't know if she's related to Mia Pasquerella of Schenectady, who was a 2001 Coastal Fellow.

    5. Andree Rathemacher, member

      Associate Professor, Librarian, University Library. andree -@- uri.edu.

      ANDREE RATHEMACHER 01/2002, 5359 POST RD CHARLESTOWN, RI 02813 (401) 364-2013

      ANDREE RATHEMACHER 01/2002

      ANDREE J RATHEMACHER Born Aug 1970, 01/2004, 22 PARK LN, KINGSTON, RI 02881, (401) 789-6562

      ANDREE J RATHEMACHER Born Aug 1970 More info available for a fee Record Created: 09/2005 22 PARK LN KINGSTON, RI 02881 (401) 792-7034

      ANDREE RATHEMACHER 04/2001, 36 ROLENS DR KINGSTON, RI 02881 (401) 782-2755

      ANDREE RATHEMACHER 22 PARK LN, SOUTH KINGSTOWN, RI 02881 (401) 792-7334.

    6. Stephen Swallow, member

      Professor of Environmental and Natural Resources Economics, College of the Environment and Life Sciences, Coastal Institute (Kingston). swallow -@- uri.edu.

      STEPHEN J SWALLOW 06/2002, 3055 TOWER HILL RD WAKEFIELD, RI 02879

      STEPHEN SWALLOW 11/1999, 3808 COUNTY TRL WEST KINGSTON, RI 02892

      STEPHEN K SWALLOW Born 1960, 6 ROCKY PINE RD WEST KINGSTON, RI 02892 (401) 539-4058

  16. Karen Stein 2009jan27

    KAREN F STEIN, 31 LEDGEWOOD RD, KINGSTON, RI 02881

    KAREN STEIN Born 1941, 31 LEDGEWOOD RD, KINGSTON, RI 02881 (401) 782-6589

    KAREN STEIN Born 1941, (401) 421-6641

  17. Robert A. Weygand, Vice President for Administration, Division of Administration, Carlotti Administration Building, 75 Lower College Road, Room 108, Kingston, RI 02881. email bobw -@- uri.edu.

    ROBERT A WEYGAND 95 GLEN HILL DR SAUNDERSTOWN, RI 02874 (401) 294-5222

    ROBERT WEYGAND, born 1948-05-10, may have lived in East Providence RI 02914.







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